What is the primary cause of inflammation in most cases of pericarditis?

The primary cause of inflammation in most cases of pericarditis is viral infections. This condition involves inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac surrounding the heart, and viruses are frequently implicated in its development. Common viral agents include pathogens like Coxsackievirus, adenovirus, and influenza, which can provoke an immune response leading to inflammation.

Viral infections are often more prevalent than bacterial ones in the context of pericarditis. Although bacteria can cause pericarditis, they are less commonly the initiating factor compared to viral pathogens. The inflammatory response triggered by these viral infections can lead to symptoms such as chest pain and can sometimes cause complications if not properly managed.

Chronic diseases and genetic factors may play roles in certain individuals predisposed to recurrent pericarditis but are not the primary causes. Bacterial infections, while they can lead to pericarditis, typically occur less frequently and are often associated with specific risk factors or health conditions.