Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex/gland that helps control electrolyte balance?

The hormone that plays a crucial role in controlling electrolyte balance is known as mineralocorticoids, primarily aldosterone, which is secreted by the adrenal cortex. Mineralocorticoids are essential for regulating sodium and potassium levels in the body. They act mainly on the kidneys to promote sodium retention and potassium excretion, thus impacting blood pressure and overall fluid balance.

In contrast, glucagon, cortisol, and insulin do not primarily regulate electrolyte balance. Glucagon, produced by the pancreas, raises blood glucose levels, while insulin lowers them. Cortisol, another steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, helps manage metabolism and stress response but does not directly influence electrolyte balance to the extent that mineralocorticoids do. Therefore, mineralocorticoids are specifically tailored to address electrolyte homeostasis in the body.